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elected local government cannot be one of the core 'operational tools' for accommodating multiple interests (Anderson, Clément and Van Crowder 1999:23). Rather than delving into case material in this article, I present an argument in the next sections for why local government can be a positive institutional home for sustainable participation. View 370174967-Local-Government-Code-of-1991-Updated.pdf from BIOLOGY 263 at Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar. Principles of Decentralization This section lays down in detail and specific terms the operative principles to effect decentralization and local autonomy. a.) MERGE, ABOLISH or Interim report for New Waves of Decentralization in Southeast Asia: Analysis of Local Government Survey Data, IDE-JETRO, Fiscal year 2018 . 1 . Introduction: Analysis of Local government Survey in Southeast Asia . Fumio NAGAI (Osaka City University). Tsuruyo FUNATSU (Institute of Developing Economies, JETRO). In the 1990s and 2000s, after the collapse of the authoritarian regimes in the In turn, using a novel technique that merges the methodologies of Simar and Wilson (2007) and Khan and Lewbel (2007), we regress the PSE Keywords: public sector efficiency, fiscal decentralization, semi-parametric models. Antonis Adam Department of Economics It has long been recognized that governments differ significantly in the Local government and decentralization are the main challenges of the Albanian government reforms. Decentralization and urbanization are a greater pressure on local governments to finance public services and facilitate economic development. 3.1 Decentralization process Since the 1960s, the decentralization agenda has gone through various phases of progress and recoil. Decentralization has gained momentum since the 2010 Constitution and the 2011 local elections, and the country is presently implementing a new wave of decentralization reforms. Group One: Parties that strongly and clearly support decentralization based on the Taef Accords and that take positions inside and outside the parliament and the government in favor of decentralization. They work through conferences and workshops to promote the culture of decentralization and push for enacting the relevant draft laws. Decentralization:-Accountability-in-local-governments-Alex%Dyzenhaus% % % African%presidents%have%historically%controlled%politicsonthecontinent%throughhighly% Page 2 of 5Learning OutcomesTwo-fold learning outcomes: first, to understand the concept and practice of decentralization of public governance to local governments; and second, acquire knowledge for improving the effectiveness of local governance in Ghana and other countries. Using our merged dataset, we construct two variables for fiscal decentralization - one on the income ( ) and one on the expenditure side ( ), both following the approach taken by Dziobek et al. (2011). We start by constructing variables that represent the ratio between central and general government revenues and expenditures (GL2/GL3). govern